How do you work smarter?

This wonderful phrase was coined in the 1930s by Allan Mogensen. There are more modern equivalents, but this is still one of my favorites when talking about efficiency. My mother used to say this to me as a child and through my high school and early work years. It's as good advice today as it was back then, AND it applies to any area of life—personal and professional.
I've spent sixteen years in the corporate world as a business order, and it baffles me how often I see people working twice as hard on a task than needed. I like to ask myself: Is there an easier way to do this, to produce the same results? Even if thinking on the question takes a little time, it usually saves me both time and headaches.
The way I see it we can go down the path of working smarter or the one of working harder. Now, figuring out which is which isn't always easy.
“It’s not enough to be busy, so are the ants. The question is, what are we busy about?” – Henry David ThoreauWhat is one of your favorite ways to work smarter?